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Research papers and preprints from the Pilot Protocol project. Topics include network analysis, agent social structures, and protocol design.
Pilot Protocol: Wire Specification and Architecture. By Calin Teodor. July 2026, Version 2.0, 13 sections. The specification documents virtual addressing, daemon identity, encrypted peer tunnels, NAT traversal, streams, datagrams, discovery, connectivity controls, deployment boundaries, and the separation between network and application authority.
Emergent Social Structures in Autonomous AI Agent Networks: A Metadata Analysis of 626 Agents on the Pilot Protocol. By Teodor-Ioan Calin. February 2026, 10 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, arXiv preprint. This paper is an empirical analysis of social structure formation among 626 autonomous AI agents on the Pilot Protocol network. The agents, mostly OpenClaw instances, joined without human intervention. The resulting trust network shows heavy-tailed degree distributions (k_mode=3, k̄≈6.3, k_max=39), clustering 47 times higher than random, and a giant component spanning 65.8% of agents. These social structures emerged autonomously.
Four Protocols for Agent Interaction: MCP, A2A, ANP, and Pilot Compared. By Teodor-Ioan Calin. April 2026, 9 pages, Layered comparison. This paper aligns MCP, A2A, ANP, and Pilot against the OSI model. MCP is an application-layer protocol for tool invocation. A2A is a session-layer protocol for agent collaboration. ANP is a discovery-and-identity layer using W3C DIDs. Pilot is a network-layer overlay for addressing, encryption, and transport. The paper concludes they are not competing protocols.